Correlation between Plasma Level of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 and Acute Aortic Dissection / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the potential association between monocyte chemotactic protein 1(MCP-1)in plasma and acute aortic dissection(AAD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 110 patients with Stanford type A AAD who had received emergent surgical treatment in Xiangya hospital from September 2011 to September 2014 were enrolled in as the study group;meanwhile,110 patients with simple hypertension who had received treatment in department of cardiology were chosen as the control group. The plasma level of MCP-1 was measured and then compared between these two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The plasma level of MCP-1 in the study group was(257.79±86.52)pg/ml,which was significantly higher than that in control group [(136.57±48.84)pg/ml](P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There may be a correlation between plasma MCP-1 level and AAD.</p>

Role of spinal MAPK-ERK signal pathway in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of spinal MAPK-ERK signal pathway in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats (80-100 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham (n=10), PD98059 (n=25) and I/R groups (n=25). Three days after successful intrathecal implantation, 5 μg DMSO was injected intrathecally into the sham group, and then the left coronary arteries were separated without being tied. Rats in the I/R and PD98059 groups were injected with 5 μL DMSO and PD98059 (5 μg) 30 minutes before thoractomy respectively. Then the left coronary artery was tied for 30 minutes followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. After the experiments, the ERK phosphorylation condition of T1-T4 spinal cord segments was detected with immunofluorescence; the myocardiac apoptosic index and infarct size were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Expression of p-ERK in the I/R group was significantly higher than in the sham and PD98059 groups (P<0.05). Myocardial apoptotic index and infarct size in the PD98059 group were significantly lower than in the I/R group (P<0.05), but higher in the PD98059 group than in the sham group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The MAPK-ERK pathway in the superior thorathic spinal cord can be activated by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and inhibition of the pathway can play a protective role in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.</p>

Cardiopulmonary protection of ischemic postconditioning in cardiac surgery in children with tetralogy of Fallot / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Ischemic postconditioning effectively minimizes the ischemic/reperfusion injury, and the large series of case reports on its protective effects in cardiac surgery are limited. A randomized trial was conducted to investigate the effect of ischemic postconditioning on cardiopulmonary protection in children undergoing cardiac surgery for tetralogy of Fallot.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and five-children with tetralogy of Fallot undergoing surgery were randomly assigned to control (n=58) and ischemic postconditioning groups (n=47). Ischemic postconditioning was performed by intermittent aortic clamping after reperfusion. After surgery, the duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, capacity of blood transfusion, hemodynamics, inotropic scores, respiratory function, and release of blood lactate were assayed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was a significant decrease in the ICU stay in the postconditioned group compared with the control group (37+/-21 hrs vs 54+/-26 hrs; P<0.05 ). The capacity of blood transfusion (308+/-230 mL vs 526+/-515 mL; P<0.05) and the inotropic scores (5.9+/-5.0 vs 10.3+/-7.7; P<0.05) in the postconditioned group were significantly reduced compared with those in the control group. Blood lactate contents in the postconditioned group was significantly lower that those in the control group 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 20 hrs after surgery. The postconditioned group showed more improved hemodynamics and respiratory function than the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ischemic postconditioning may provide clinical benefits with respects to myocardial and pulmonary protections in children undergoing repair for tetralogy of Fallot.</p>

Effects of tetramethylpyrazine on thrombin-induced tissue factor expression in vascular endothelial cells / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on tissue factor (TF) expression induced by thrombin in human umbilical vein endothelium derived cell line ECV304.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The changes in the total cellular procoagulant activity (PCA) of ECV304 cells exposed to thrombin were observed with one-stage clotting assay. TF mRNA expression in the exposed cells was examined using semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ECV304 cells stimulated with increasing concentrations of thrombin (1.25-20 U/ml) showed a gradual increase of PCA (r=0.9602, P<0.01). The application of FVII-deficient plasma and the monoclonal antibody of TF confirmed that the PCA of the cells mediated by TF activity. TMP at 125-1000 microg/ml alone did not affect TF expression in ECV304 cells (P>0.20), TMP administered 30 min prior to thrombin exposure showed a significant concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on the increments of PCA (r=-0.9644, P<0.01) and TF mRNA expression (r=-0.9576, P<0.05) in ECV304 cells, and 1000 microg/ml TMP produced the strongest effect. In ECV304 cells stimulated with thrombin for 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 h, TMP administration significantly inhibited the thrombin-induced PCA, and the effect was especially obvious at 8 h following thrombin exposure (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Thrombin induces TF expression in vascular endothelial cells, and this effect can be inhibited by TMP at the mRNA level.</p>

Fifty-three cases of valve repair for mitral insufficiency / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the experience of mitral vavuloplasty for mitral insufficiency in 53 patients.@*METHODS@#Between January 2001 and September 2006,53 patients (31 males and 22 females) with mitral insufficiency underwent mitral valve repair at our hospital. The mean age was (23.8+/-10.4) years, and the mean weight was (43+/-12) kg,including 29 cases of mitral prolapse,17 congenital mitral insufficiency, 5 rheumatic mitral insufficiency,and 2 other etiology. All operations were performed under cardiopulmonary bypass,moderate hypothermia and under the surveillance of transesophagus echocardiography.@*RESULTS@#There were 2 early postoperative deaths,and another patient failed to repair and received valve replacement afterward. Postoperative echocardiography indicated that mitral insufficiency was completely corrected in 42 patients, and residual mitral regurginitation in the other 8 patients. During the follow-up with mean period 13.8 months,41 patients revealed 28 in NYHA classI,13 in Class II.@*CONCLUSION@#Mitral valve repair should be the preferred modes of surgical correction for regurgitate mitral valves. With proper vavuloplasty technique, patients with selective mitral insufficiency patients may achieve satisfactory effect.

Change of vWF, PAl-1 and t-PA in rats with hyperlipemia and its significance / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To establish the hyperlipoidemia model and observe its effect on the expression of plasma vWF, PAl-1 and t-PA after endothelial cell injury caused by the model at different time in rats.@*METHODS@#Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing (200+/-20)g were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=10 in each): high flat composition for 7 weeks (Group A7), 8 weeks (Group A8)and 9 weeks(Group A9), common bait vessel feeding for 7 weeks(Group C7), 8 weeks(Group C8) and 9 weeks (Group C9). When it reached the setting time, the rats were put to death and the serum was separated to detect the blood-fat immediately. Meanwhile, the pathological sections of the rat aorta were made to observe the endothelial injury. The blood plasma was separated and the content of the blood plasma PAl-1, t-PA and vWF was detected by ELISA assay.@*RESULTS@#(1)TG, TC and LDL of the rats intragastrically administrated high flat composition were higher than those of the control group,and HDL increased with time at first, but lowered when longer than 9 weeks. (2) There were no lesions in the aortic endothelium in all rats of Group C through optical microscope,while different lesions in the aortic endothelium in all rats of Group A were observed. (3)In the 3 groups A, the plasma vWF and PAI-1 were gradually increasing with time while t-PA gradually decreased. (4) There was no significant difference of vWF between Group A7 and Group A8. PAI-I increased gradually with the aggravation of endotheliocytes in Group A; and t-PA decreased gradually with the aggravation of endothelium in Group A.@*CONCLUSION@#(1) As intragastric administration prolongs, the plasma lipid of rats keeps increasing with the aggravation of the endodermis injury. (2) PAI-1, t-PA and vWF are the molecular markers of vascular endothelial cell injury in rats. (3) PAI-l and t-PA are more sensitive than vWF in reflecting the endothelial cell injury in hyperlipemia early metaphase.

Mechanical valve replacement in children with heart valve diseases / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the surgical point and technique of artificial mechanical valve replacement in children with heart valve diseases.@*METHODS@#From Jan. 1989 to Oct. 2005, 63 children under 15 years received mechanical cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).@*RESULTS@#The valve replacement included aortic valve replacement in 20 children, mitral valve replacement in 37 children and combined aortic valve and mitral valve replacement in 6 children.@*CONCLUSION@#The operation mortality was 7.94%(5/63). The follow-up periods were from 4 months to 204 months. The late mortality was 10.34%(6/58). All the other children were in NYHA class I - II. The operation mortality of children with heart valve replacement is higher than that of adults, but it was very effective.

Surgical treatment of cor triatriatum in 15 patients / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To review the clinical data of pathological morphology, diagnosis, surgical treatment of cor triatriatum in 15 patients.@*METHODS@#Fifteen patients with a mean age of (14.6+/-10.3) years (range from 6 months to 40 years) were performed operations under extracorporeal circulation. Fourteen of the patients had cor triatriatum sinister, and 1 had cor triatriatum dexter; 12 of the 15 patients had other cardiac abnormalities. The excision of the fibromuscular membrane was accomplished through a right atrial incision in all of the 14 cases, and the associated abnormalities were corrected at the same time.@*RESULTS@#One patient died after the operation, and the other survivors had good outcome.@*CONCLUSION@#Operation is necessary if the diagnosis is clear. The patients generally have good prognosis. Surgical results of cor triatriatum depend on the complexity of associated defects and the adequacy of the repair.

Changes of plasma von Willebrond factor and soluble E-selectin levels in patients with coronary artery disease / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the changes of plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) and soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and evaluate their clinic significance.@*METHODS@#The level of plasma vWF and sE-selectin of 60 cases with coronary artery disease were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 20 healthy persons acted as the control group. Risk factors for coronary artery disease were obtained by asking the medical history and the relation ship was analyzed with coronary artery disease.@*RESULTS@#The plasma vWF and sE-selectin levels of CAD patients were significantly higher than those of the control group (P = 0.017 and P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in plasma vWF levels between the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group and the unstable angina pectoris (UA) group or the SA group (P = 0.210 and P = 0.194). The plasma vWF level of the SA group were higher than that of the UA group (P = 0.012). The plasma levels of sE-selectin of AMI group, and the UA group were higher than those of the SA group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.010). There were no significant differences between the SA group and the control group (P = 0.284) and between the AMI group and the UA group (P = 0.066).@*CONCLUSION@#The increased plasma vWF or sE-selectin level may be risk factors for CAD and they may be involved in the pathogenesis of CAD. The increase of plasma sE-selectin is correlated to the generation and development of CAD and it is important in the evaluation of clinical severity of CAD.